A beautiful, warm floor made of environmentally friendly materials is one of the important components of home coziness and comfort. Often, future homeowners are interested in how to lay floors in a wooden house in order to harmoniously combine such characteristics as functionality, practicality, aesthetics, safety and, of course, affordable price. You can talk a lot about the advantages of modern building and finishing materials, but the classic is still the most appropriate option - namely, natural wood.
Laying the floor in a wooden house: what material to choose?
You can lay floors in your summer house either with your own hands or with the help of specialists. It is very important that the flooring is carried out in accordance with all the rules and in compliance with the necessary standards, only in this case the floor covering will last a long time, will not rot, creak or sag.
The first thing a homeowner needs to do is choose the material of the future flooring that is suitable for your wooden structure. If you prefer natural wood, there are several relevant options.
So, you can choose floor boards made from:
- oak or ash;
- maple or larch;
- pine or spruce;
- beech, etc.
Which material to choose is up to you. Be guided by your taste and material capabilities. However, before laying a new floor in a wooden house, you should learn more about the rules for choosing the material. Here is just the shortest memo that will help you not to forget about the main thing:
- When choosing wood for flooring, pay attention to whether you get dry material. Raw wood will deform very soon - however, as well as over-dried;
- Try to choose a board on which there are no dents, cracks or stains;
- calculate the optimal number of boards required for laying the floor, but get more than necessary by 10-15 percent;
- choose boards worth two meters or more;
- give preference to the material of one batch, it is advisable to do so that both the pattern and the shade of all the boards coincide;
- in order to make a sufficiently reliable flooring, choose grooved and trimmed wood: it does not need to be ground;
- take into account the type of room where the installation of future floors is carried out. In the event that the room you have has a fairly high humidity, opt for moisture-resistant wood species. Such species include, for example, oak, larch.
For laying in the rooms of wooden floors, boards from solid wood are usually used. For expensive interiors, you should choose fairly large parquet boards, the grooves are located on all sides. As a rule, the thickness of such a board is from 18 to 25 cm, and the length is from 0.5 to 2 meters. Another, more budget option - glued board. This material consists of several (usually three) layers of wood glued together. The upper layer is made of valuable wood species, and the two lower layers are made of less valuable varieties. Such material will be much smaller in thickness, about 5 cm.
Video about installing the floorboard:
Features of the arrangement of floors in wooden buildings
Depending on what are the planning features of suburban wooden housing, the optimal technology for installing wood floors is determined. Also, the installation technology will depend on many factors of an individual nature: the preferences of the homeowner and his material capabilities.
In wooden houses, as a rule, shield parquet is used, another popular option is flooring from boards.
In timber houses, floor installation is carried out in two stages. The first is the arrangement of the preparatory layer, the second is the direct installation of wooden flooring.
Laying the future floor in a wooden building is carried out in two different ways:
- on beams of floors;
- on the ground (in this case, lags are used).
When starting laying the future floor, do not forget about thorough waterproofing, which should be laid on the base. Penofol material is used for high-quality waterproofing, which reliably protects not only from moisture, but also from noise and all kinds of radiation. Another popular option is dense polyethylene.
For the bathroom it is very important to carefully choose the waterproofing, as well as to properly install it. Insulation of the floor is another important point. For this purpose, the following materials can be used:
- mineral wool;
- polystyrene foam or polystyrene;
- sawdust;
- Isolon.
Base options for floors made of wood are as follows: concrete base, lag use, and also a base made of plywood sheets.
In the case of future floors you intend to lay on the logs, it is recommended to consider: this method is optimal for rooms with high walls, since the finished floor will "hide" about 8-10 centimeters from the height of the room. But the undoubted advantages of this method is:
- the ability to mask level differences on the floor;
- an opportunity to lay communications in a floor.
Logs can be installed on the walls of the log house, it is also possible to install them on the foundation. It is necessary that the logs stay for a couple of days in the rooms where the installation will be carried out, "acclimatization". After this, the lags will need to be placed on opposite walls, then the nylon threads are pulled between them, every 1.3-1.5 meters: later they will become an excellent reference point by which you can easily mount all the remaining lags. The voids between the lags must be filled with insulation.
If the thickness of the boards is 30-40 centimeters, it is worth making 80 centimeters between the lags. For thin boards (up to 30 centimeters) between the lags the distance will be from 50 to 60 centimeters, and if the thickness of the boards is more than 40 centimeters, a meter distance between the lags should be made. If the logs need to be mounted on a concrete base, they must be fixed using anchors or dowels.
Important: logs should certainly be processed for long-term service with special antiseptic compounds.
After the lags are installed, you can proceed to the installation and fastening of the floor boards. The first rows of boards are fastened 1.5 centimeters from the wall, and holes for fasteners are pre-prepared. The boards are fixed on the lags, and the slots that remain subsequently between the floor and the wall are closed with the help of a plinth.
Watch the video about installing the subfloor:
Plywood base
In the form of a "rough floor" for the repair of living rooms (mainly in private homes), plywood sheets are often used. This is a smooth, practical, resistant to all kinds of deformations, quite durable material. In addition, it can also be easily dismantled, as well as installed - that is, if necessary, you will relatively quickly make a new coating yourself. However, this base is not recommended for use in the bathroom and other wet areas.
When deciding to use plywood, a detailed markup of the future floor should be made in advance. Lighthouses are installed throughout the area, the surface is divided into squares of about 25-30 centimeters, and self-tapping screws are screwed into the corners of each. After that, logs are laid and, finally, plywood sheets are attached.
Keep in mind that the distance between the bars will also depend on the thickness of the plywood sheets you choose. If it is also planned to mount boards transversely between the lags, the distance between them will be 50 centimeters. In order to subsequently not crack the floor, its entire area should be well saturated with adhesive, and in order to avoid the possible sagging of the log afterwards, pieces of plywood sheets are oiled, greased with special parquet glue. It is also important to make a glassine layer between the lags and plywood for effective protection against moisture (condensate). Try to make sure that the distance when installing sheets between the lags is about 2 millimeters.
As you can see, laying your own floors in a wooden house is possible. Choose high-quality materials, adhere to technology - and beautiful, comfortable floors will serve you for many years!