Arch - a structure used to decorate windows, porticoes, household buildings, interior openings. It can be done independently.
Interior use
Homemade arches:
- zoning the internal space of the house, apartment;
- visually expand the room;
- serve as decoration;
- allow not to install doors;
Wood finishing of architectural details has an advantage over artificial materials.
Choosing the shape of a wooden arched ceiling
The design of an open passage made of wood may be different. The main types of arched structures:
- classic,
- ellipse,
- romance,
- portal,
- Rocker
- transom,
- modern,
- trapezoid.
Classic
The classic form is a semicircle. The radius of curvature of the overlap is equal to half the width of the opening. Suitable for any interior.
Ellipse
The vertical bending radius is less than the width. The oblate shape of the ceiling allows the arch to be used in low rooms.
Romance
An aperture from a straight horizontal beam with oval transitions to vertical supports. Installed in houses with low ceilings.
Portal
The design does not have curved elements. Use in rectangular openings. Sometimes they install portals made of wood. In apartments, private homes, U-shaped arches are practically not used.
Yoke
The top of the opening is an elongated arc resembling a rocker. Installation is done in rooms with low ceilings.
Transom
An arch-shaped window filling is installed above the door. The transom transmits natural and artificial light into the room.
Modern
The design in the Art Nouveau style, made of wood, looks beautiful. May include elements of different types of vaults.
Trapezoid
The trapezoidal shape looks original, aesthetically pleasing. Suitable for openings of any size.
Wood selection
For the manufacture of arched structures used tree oak, pine, larch, linden, ash and others. Prices in regions may vary.
- Oak planks do not rot. The material is durable, aesthetically attractive, long retains properties, expensive.
- Pine, spruce are soft species, easily processed. At elevated temperatures, wood tar may form, so an additional protective coating is required. From these breeds make furniture, interior elements.
- Larch is suitable for the manufacture of indoor structures.
- Natural wood is sometimes replaced with MDF.
- The cheapest option is chipboard. Finishing of surfaces is carried out by glued veneer or decorative film with an adhesive base.
Training
Before proceeding with the manufacture and installation of the arch structure, it is necessary to carry out preparatory measures.
Measurements
For measurement, use a sheet of fiberboard or drywall. It is applied to an aperture, the marker bends around the arch bend. Measure the distance from the transition point of the bend in the vertical to the floor. Determine the thickness of the wall around the perimeter of the opening.
Tools, materials
Tools required:
- Circular Saw,
- Thicknesser
- manual frezer,
- level,
- screwdriver
- grinder
- jigsaw
- clamps.
Materials:
- pine timber, boards;
- joiner's glue or PVA;
- stain;
- furniture varnish;
- chipboard sheet;
- screws, nails, screws.
Create Template
To create a template:
- The arch bend line is transferred to 2 sheets of chipboard.
- Electric jigsaw make cutouts.
- The sheets are joined together by wooden blocks, fixed with screws using a screwdriver.
The distance between the external surfaces of the walls of the template should be equal to the width of the wall. An example of the template is shown in the photo.
Manufacture and installation
Instruction:
- 30 mm thick board cut off.
- On the jointing machine produce longitudinal trimming.
- Wood is calibrated with a surface gage.
- A circular saw cut the slats 30 mm wide and 20 mm thick.
- Reiki sawed into segments equal to the width of the template. If there are not enough elements, add the boards on the template.
- The sides of each block are lubricated with glue, joined together, laid on a template. The glue is allowed to dry during the day.
- The arch (arc panel) is removed from the template, the back side is strengthened with pieces of fabric impregnated with glue.
- The panel is returned to the template, the front surface is processed with a grinder.
- A board 150–170 mm wide and 15 mm thick is cut into pieces from 10 to 20 cm long for platbands.
- The segments are laid out on the table along the curve of the arch, marking the cuts.
- With a circular saw, excess wood is removed.
- After the control calculation of the elements of the clypeus along the bending line, the ends of the planks are smeared with glue, connected to each other.
- Make a second platband.
- After a day, the surfaces of both platbands are polished.
- An electric jigsaw aligns the bending line of the arch platbands on both sides.
- Ready platbands are clamped with clamps to the arch panel, previously lubricated with glue at the junction points.
- All edges of the structure are smoothed by a hand mill.
- Platbands are decorated with decorative overlays.
Production of uprights and contours
- From the boards make the strapping of the end racks, processing them with a mill and a grinder.
- They make panels. They are inserted into the openings of the harness, after having glued the junctions. To the longitudinal faces of the two structures glued side strips at an angle of 90º. Side rails should encircle the wall in the archway from two sides. Therefore, the distance between them is left equal to the thickness of the wall.
- Of the three strips, the stroke is glued. Only need 4 pcs. Homemade strokes are made from a thick board, processed with a manual milling cutter.
In the hardware store you can buy a ready-made pine cornice, which will become the basis for the contours.
Registration
Before installation, arch structures are processed as follows:
- Elements of the building are wiped with a damp rag, cleaned of dust, sawdust.
- Surfaces with a brush are covered with stain.
- After drying, the furniture varnish is prepared; it can be colorless or colored. A solvent is used for dilution.
- Varnish is applied with a brush or roller.
- A day later, they begin installation.
- Platbands, side racks are decorated with decorative bas-reliefs made of wood, plastic.
Mounting
An arched canvas with platbands is inserted into the arch of the opening. Supporting the design, install racks. Fasteners are carried out in several ways:
- If the top of the opening is made of drywall, the canvas and platbands are fixed to the arch with dowels for gypsum plaster.
- An arch and racks are attached to concrete or brick walls with dowels.
The upper contours are attached to the posts with nails or screws.. The lower ones are additionally attached to the floor. Hats of screws or screws are closed with plastic plugs, similar in color to the tone of the arch.